On October 4

World War II: Allied forces executed Operation Leader, an air raid against German shipping near Bodø, Norway.

Willie Gillis, one of Norman Rockwell's trademark characters, debuted on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post.

Gutzon Borglum and approximately 400 workers began sculpting Mount Rushmore.

Great Syrian Revolt: Rebels led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji captured the city of Hama from the French Mandate of Syria.

First World War: The Japanese merhant ship Hirano Maru was sunk by a German submarine in the Celtic Sea with the loss of 291 lives.

First World War: The Allies devastated the German defence at the Battle of Broodseinde, prompting a crisis among German commanders and causing a severe loss of morale in the 4th Army.

Texas A&M University opened as the first public institution of higher education in the U.S. state.

American Civil War: After a naval battle in Galveston Harbor, Texas, Confederate commanders negotiated the surrender of the city to Union forces.

Smolensk War: Forces from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth broke the Russian siege of Smolensk (depicted).

Skanderbeg and Gjergj Arianiti signed a peace treaty to end the Albanian–Venetian War.

Red Turban Rebellions: The rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang won the Battle of Lake Poyang by deploying ships intentionally set aflame when the emperor tried to escape.