On July 24

Boris Johnson became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after winning the Conservative Party leadership election.

Air Algérie Flight 5017 disappeared from radar shortly after take-off from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; its wreckage was found the following day in Mali with no survivors.

A gunman entered the United States Capitol and opened fire, killing two police officers.

Iran–Iraq War: In opposition to the American plan to protect Kuwaiti tankers, Iran laid mines and damaged the SS Bridgeton, resulting in a propaganda victory for Iran.

The Australian swimming team, nicknamed the Quietly Confident Quartet, won the men's 4 × 100 metre medley relay at the Moscow Olympics, the only time that the United States, which boycotted the games, has not won the event at the Olympics.

The Metapolitefsi period began with Konstantinos Karamanlis taking office as Prime Minister of Greece after the collapse of the military junta.

During a speech in Montreal, French president Charles de Gaulle (pictured) declared "Long live free Quebec!", a statement that was interpreted as support for Quebec independence from Canada.

Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev and U.S. vice president Richard Nixon held an impromptu debate (pictured) at the opening of the American National Exhibition at Sokolniki Park in Moscow.

Australia set a world record for the highest successful run-chase in Test cricket history during the Fourth Test of the Ashes series against England.

The Treaty of Lausanne was signed to settle part of the partition of the Ottoman Empire, establishing the boundaries of Greece, Bulgaria and Turkey.

Franco-Syrian War: At the Battle of Maysalun forces of the Arab Kingdom of Syria were defeated by a French army moving to occupy the territory allocated to them by the San Remo conference.

Ottoman forces captured the city of Shkodër, ending the Albanian revolt of 1910 (depicted).

Mary, Queen of Scots, was forced to abdicate in favour of her one-year-old son, who became James VI.

Scottish clansmen led by Donald of Islay, Lord of the Isles, and Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar, fought the Battle of Harlaw near Inverurie, Scotland.

The Ostrogoths abandoned the Siege of Ariminum upon the arrival of the Byzantine fleet.